The "Climate Risk Profile: 16 Districts in Sindh" project provides a comprehensive assessment of climate-related vulnerabilities and risks within the Sindh province of Pakistan, particularly within 16 districts. Given Sindh's susceptibility to climate-induced disasters due to its geographical location, this project focuses on identifying and addressing the key challenges posed by climate change. Alongside this, AWF’s work also included calculating a Climate Change Vulnerability Index for the districts of Sindh. This innovative tool is a notable addition to existing studies on climate change and hazards in the region due to its comprehensive and multi-dimensional approach.

Key Findings

Rising Sea Levels: Sea levels along the Karachi coast have risen by approximately 10 cm over the past century, with projections indicating a potential rise of 60 cm by 2100. This impacts low-lying coastal areas, particularly south of Karachi and the Indus River delta.

Climate-Induced Disasters: Sindh faces floods, droughts, cyclones, and heatwaves, leading to loss of life and economic damage, and placing pressure on both the population and governing bodies. Consistent flooding from 2018 to 2023 has exacerbated existing challenges, highlighting the need for improved disaster management strategies.

Agricultural Impacts: Climate change threatens agriculture, impacting 4.87 million hectares of land through temperature variations, shifting cropping seasons, and water scarcity. Coastal erosion is also affecting agricultural lands and wetlands.

Livestock and Fisheries: Rising temperatures and freshwater scarcity negatively affect livestock and fisheries, leading to declines in marine life and shifts in livelihoods. Damage to mangrove forests exacerbates climate change impacts, reducing coastal protection and biodiversity.

Recommendations

1.     Strengthen Disaster Management: Enhance District Disaster Management Authorities and establish decentralized committees at Taluka and Union Council levels. Promote climate-sensitive resilience strategies.

2.     Improve Early Warning Systems: Upgrade early warning systems in coastal and embankment regions, focusing on areas with inadequate infrastructure.

3.     Enhance Adaptive Capacity: Develop strategies and resources for effective adaptation to climate change, emphasizing nature-based solutions.

4.     Ensure Essential Services: Build resilient WASH facilities and distribute hygiene materials to mitigate disease spread during climate-related events.

5.     Foster Collaboration: Encourage knowledge sharing and collaboration among government agencies, NGOs, academia, and other stakeholders for effective climate change solutions.